ABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge among clinicians in Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide the evidence for intensified training and improved diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis C among clinicians.@*Methods@#In November, 2021, clinicians were sampled using a stratified random sampling method from a city-level and a county (district)-level hepatitis C designated hospital in Jiaxing City. A questionnaire survey was performed using the Questionnaire for Hepatitis C Prevention and Control Knowledge among Clinicians, and the awareness of basic knowledge, professional knowledge and related knowledge about hepatitis C prevention and control among clinicians were descriptively analyzed. @*Results@# A total of 186 questionnaires were allocated and 179 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate was 96.24%. The respondents included 107 men (59.78%) and 72 women (40.22%) and had a mean age of (37.06±9.46) years. There were 107 respondents with a bachelor degree (59.78%), 56 with junior professional titles (31.28%), and 170 from non-infectious disease departments (94.97%). The awareness of basic hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge was 96.09%, and the awareness of “Transfusion of blood containing hepatitis C virus may acquire hepatitis C” was high (98.88%), and the awareness of “Hepatitis C can be cured” was low (77.09%). The awareness of professional hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge was 3.91% to 100.00%, and the awareness of “Pathogens of hepatitis C” (100.00%) and “Recommended screening populations for hepatitis C” (86.59%) was high, while the awareness of “There are two categories of hepatitis C cases: clinically diagnosed cases and confirmed cases” (3.91%) and “Clinical diagnosis of hepatitis C: positive anti-HCV antibody + any one of abnormal liver function or epidemiological history or clinical symptoms” (3.91%) was low. The awareness rates of “The state has included antiviral agents against hepatitis C into medical insurance” was and “Antiviral agents against hepatitis C are reimbursed in outpatient and inpatient departments of our hospital” were 81.56% and 59.78%, respectively. There were 69 clinicians participating hepatitis C-related training within one year (38.55%), and the awareness of clinicians that had participated in hepatitis C-related training had a higher awareness rate of basic hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge than those without participation (100.00% vs. 93.64%, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The awareness of basic hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge is high among clinicians in Jiaxing City; however, the training on diagnosis and classification criteria of hepatitis C and related medical insurance policy require to be improved.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To understand the epidemiological characteristics and differences of HIV-positive cases among 15-24 years old in Jiaxing city and provide evidence for the development of targeted prevention and control measures.@*Methods@#A descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of HIV cases aged 15-24 reported in Jiaxing from 1999 to 2018.@*Results@#A total of 375 cases of young HIV were reported in 1999-2018, with an average age of 21.29±1.90 years, of which 42 were students. The ratio of male to female was 2.47∶1. The proportion of foreign household registration was higher (76%, 285 cases). The proportion of off-campus youth cases in total cases showed a downward trend(χ2=8.26, P=0.00), but the proportion of student cases showed an upward trend(χ2=15.73, P<0.01). Off-campus youth cases were mainly heterosexual transmission(59.16%, 197 cases), and the students’ cases were mainly homosexual transmission(88.10%, 37 cases). There were significant differences in gender, age, household registration, education level, route of transmission, late detection, CD4 level and source of detection among students and off-campus adolescents(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The prevalence of AIDS in adolescents and students is worthy of attention. The characteristics of adolescents inside and outside the school are different. Targeted prevention measures should be taken to reduce the harm of AIDS to young people.
ABSTRACT
To explore the protective effect and mechanism of isorhamnetin against oxidative injury caused by H2O2 to endothelial cell strain CRL1730 of human umbilical vein. H2O2 and endothelial cell strain CRL1730 were used, as a model of injured endothelial cell. Three levels of crude drugs areorhamnetin, 22.8µg/ml, 11.4µg/mL and 5.7µg/mL was added to the injured cell strain CRL1730 respectively. The cell injury was measured in terms of necrotic rate, quantities of von Wilebr and factor [vWf] and thrombomodulin [TM], lactate dehydrogenase [LDH] and intracellular free calciumions through flow cytometry, ELISA, fluorescent spectrometer and laser scanning confocal microscopy respectively. Isorhamnetins @ 11.4µg/mL and 5.7µg/mL has significantly decreased EC necrotic rate, while the increased vWf concentration due to oxidant [200mmol/L of H2O2] was significantly decreased by 5.7mg/mL versus 11.4 and 22.8mg/mL isorhamnetin. Also, the increased in TM and LDH in injured cells was reversed to normal level with 5.7 to 11.4mg/mL isorhamnetin. These results suggest that isorhamnetin protect the integrity of cell membranes. Similarly, H2O2 treatment of cells elicited the release of intracellular calcium, however, 5.7mg/mL and 11.4mg/mL isorhamnetin dramatically inhibited transient release of intracellular calcium. This suggests that isorhamnetin, at lower concentration, could inhibit the IP3-sensitive calcium pool from releasing calcium, protecting VECs from injury by H2O2. Traditional Chinese herbs, hippophaerhamnoides have been recognized as safe and as a source of flavonoids,with strong cardiovascular protection. The results of this study revealed that isorhamnetin produce a strong effect on some targetspresent in ECs and thus, provide a basis for the future work targeted towards endothelial cells protection